the stranger poem analysis

WebThe Stranger: With Richard Armitage, Shaun Dooley, Siobhan Finneran, Jacob Dudman. He knows the world hates him and hopes the crowd will jeer at him because that's what they're supposed to do. Grammar is first used during 14th century. The Stranger does not condemn the foreigner as intrinsically bad, but that his differences from those around him make regular interaction uncomfortable. He is there when he meets up with Marie the day after getting back from his mothers funeral. Indeed, the stranger within my gates is a white socialist who holds the gate open for others to take my home while other white socialists hold me down so I cannot shut the gate. Spoiler alert important details of the novel are revealed below. 18 Jan. 2023. However, the structure of Ozymandius. Conversely, Camus uses the sea as a motif He knew exactly what he was getting into, but embraced it anyway. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. The poem begins with the speaker After his arrest, he is alienated from society by his action and inability to account for it. The fact that Cummings uses enjambment in his poetry is a stylistic trademark that however annoying its use may be is consistent. adds sonority and dynamic to the poem and helps to create an imitation of birdsong. She can relate to the reader, they understand what she writes about, she helps them get through breakups and puts words to our emotions., Also describing love between two people, Poem at thirty nine by Walker, describes parental love in a situation of poverty, only to be ended by the death of the poets father. It is certainly lyrical as a whole. Whatever the genre. The British have the saving grace (or supreme hypocrisy, do not know which) that they can be xenophobic and suspicious, while being very polite at it. The Stranger Analysis Camus' novel The Stranger can be said to be about the philosophy of Absurdism, which is the idea that while humans search for the meaning of life, Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. To Meursault, nothing matters, and life has no meaning. By taking us inside the mind of a man who rejects societal norms, he questions what it is to be normal. If I had to guess that is probably because he didnt agree with their economic policy, not their social policy. He uses figurative language minimally and gets straight to the point of what Meursault is feeling (or not feeling) and saying. This edition collection of poems appeared in 1867. Trevor Phillips, head of Britains Equality and Human Rights Commission, noted even in his childhood that Londons neighborhoods were largely black, Indian, Irish, Jewish, etc. I have selected this particular story due to the face that it I believe both works communicative similar themes, therefore I shall explore the comparison below. He complains about his mangy dog and is often seen swearing at it, but is distraught when it runs away. The chaplain tries to get Meursault to accept God and he loses his temper. Antichrist. My fathers belief shows that these feelings are cultural and generational. for the first verse, which is ABABAB and it is written in iambic The reader realises that this might be a difficult time for the widower, and empathises to attempt to feel what he feels., The Widows Lament in Springtime by William Carlos Williams is a lovely poem that goes straight to the heart of anyone that has lost a loved one. . Required fields are marked *, Joseph Kretschmer on September 8, 2017 at 10:37 PM, Martin Roper on December 12, 2017 at 6:33 PM, ToraldrMagnisson on July 2, 2018 at 10:08 AM, rafael lago on September 11, 2018 at 3:31 PM, White Templar on September 17, 2018 at 4:11 AM. WebAnalysis of The Stranger Rudyard Kipling 1865 (Mumbai) 1936 (London) Family Religion The Stranger within my gate, x He may be true or kind, a But he does not talk my talk -- x I cannot feel his mind. Our morality and laws are built on concepts of right and wrong informed by these beliefs. He may be evil or good, Web. John Clare was an English poet in his time he was commonly known as the Northamptonshire Peasant Poetmore. International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct,London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom, 2023 Book Analysis. I cannot feel his mind. The composer creates an empathy towards the widower, by expressing just how lonely he feels after his wife had died, and he had to stay in the place that they had shared together. To a Stranger by Walt Whitman: Poem Analysis. It appears in the Calamus section of the 1867 book. The same words i, and are repeated. The novel's opening line shows us that this traumatic event is simply mundane to Meursault. They may do ill or well, He rejects religious meaning and secular whenever it comes his way. In many works of literature, poetry and art, the sun is used to represent life, divine beauty and strength. The poem praises the soldiers who fought for Americas freedom., This represents the lost in the poem and what people are subconsciously thinking everyday. In which year was The Stranger published? At the home, there are mourners, one of which is so sad she wont stop crying. The courtroom is the ultimate symbol of the social order Meursault rejects. A few notes: First of all, this has got to be one of the best opening lines in all of poetry: "I am always hungry / & wanting to have / sex. Pixabay. He also encounters another neighbor, Raymond Siente, a pimp. The Stranger Analysis Rudyard Kipling Characters archetypes. He feels nothing at his mothers funeral. 'windless trees' implies the feeling of death, as the trees have no leaves, whilst 'nettles' evokes the pain and burning he is feeling at this difficult time. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. Camus novels and essays became important works in this discussion. The truth is, for all his modern trappings, man is still fundamentally tribal in nature. And the grapes be all one vine, A Song is not as well-known as some of Whitmans other songs. The Brits -perhaps I should say the English- dont like to be labelled a nation of xenophobic islanders, suspicious and disdainful of everything that comes from abroad. Despite our public embrace of the melting pot or multiculturism, privately were prone, perhaps even evolutionarily predisposed to hanging out with those most like ourselves. Which philosophical concept is explored in The Stranger? Meursault's rejection of religion earns him the nickname "Mr. Antichrist". The stranger comes across the woods He says he doesnt believe in God. The author used lexical repetitions to emphasize a significant image; to, his, and, i are repeated. Whoever the author.Discover new and exciting books to dive into with our Book Explorer Tool. It doesnt rhyme, but to make the poem make sense he uses repetition, metaphor, alliteration and personification., The poem created vivid images for me, I seen a person drowning in sorrow. The idea of death is traced throughout the poem. Having just argued with the prison chaplain, Meursault has cleansed himself of all fear and hope about his execution. Hes the only stranger I can afford, a middle-aged man in a plaid shirt smiling for an artist. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. The poem 'I Am' by John Clare is written in the form ABABCC, except The Stranger: Directed by Thomas M. Wright. "The Stranger" Poetry.com. Web2) Refrains or other forms of word repetition used in the poem: "The stranger within my gate" "The men of my own stock," 3) Rhyme scheme: ABCBDB 4) Meter: Trochaic trimeter *If yo Meursault feels none of the same emotion. Its nearly unbearable at the beginning of the novel as the funeral procession moves towards the cemetery and almost kills Thomas Perez. use of punctuation, yet there, Analysis of Out, Out by Robert Frost Meursault, the narrator of Albert Camus novel The Stranger (1942) is the kind of man who doesnt cry at his own mothers funeral. WebThe Stranger Summary. People go their whole lives not realizing they are lost and need time to themselves to become the person they have the potential to be. Despite only being one-tenth of the countrys population, the French community was the ruling class, while the Arab and indigenous populations remained disenfranchised and powerless. The reaction of the villagers towards Baldwin was something new which made him think of past and how at a certain point Meursault explains that both life and death are devoid of meaning and that any quest for meaning in life is absurd. Create and find flashcards in record time. Receive small business resources and advice about entrepreneurial info, home based business, business The narrator asks, Oh cold reprieve, wheres natural relief? Here, the narrator wonders where he may find an escape from life, from the grief he was told to pursue. This stranger is the stranger in Mark Twains . Many readers wonder why Camus would delve into the mind of such an unlikable narrator. The sun is a recurring symbol throughout the novel. In some translations, the novel's original title is The Outsider. An analysis of the The Stranger poem by Isaac Kavik including schema, poetic form, metre, stanzas and plenty more comprehensive statistics. Most educated Britons would actually take offence at being described thus. Existentialists believe that each individual must create meaning through free will, choice, and accepting personal responsibility. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. Look at the state of the world today, and think. First let's look at the book's use of symbolism. Meursault agrees to help. This is a fact." Home Albert Camus The Stranger Analysis. HA! Mysterious Stranger, begun, WebA stranger is a person who is unknown to another person or group. Meursault is not interested in forming bonds of family, relationships, or community. . We must be careful in who we allow within our gates. Meursault is happy to exist outside a society that does not want him. Alice Walker in the poem Dont Be like Those Who Ask for Everything beautifully depicts the idea of how people come close to one another only if they are rich in wealth. He expresses the In this, they are not fundamentally different from most other Europeans. No, rather smile pentameter. . Some people are so affected that they see no relief in sight and want nothing more than that relief. He is viewed as a threat to decent society. Shall repossess his blood. The prosecution is society's attempt to find meaning in Meursaults actions. Meursaults apathy and lack of remorse reflect the brutal indifference of the French colonial system toward the suffering of Algeria's Arab population. He presents the institutions and relationships that govern human existence as insecure attempts to create meaning in an indifferent universe. 1Camus, Albert. There is a great That the stranger invokes the image of the [T]igress (the river upon which mans first great civilizations were built) suggests that this contentment toward spilled blood is historical, that the sensitivities of fighting men have been deafened by the wars of yesteryear. Walt Whitman answers this in his poem Song of Myself by analyzing the importance of all the small, inconspicuous details of our lives and the connection it has to our Earth. He thinks at one point, it was hard for me to believe [the mourners] really existed. He suffers from physical and mental pain through his journey. When a stranger makes a shocking claim about his wife, family man Adam Price becomes entangled in a mystery as he desperately searches for answers. 2. Whitmans poems To a Stranger and These, I Singing in Spring both talk about a lost love that is being remembered by the narrator. Throughout The Stranger,Meursault returns to the sea. He believes these are failed attempts to introduce meaning into a cold and indifferent universe. The main theme of The Stranger is absurdism. The poem begins with the speaker addressing a stranger, or someone they have never met before, and expressing their desire to connect with them in some way. The 2020 | Maturity Rating: TV-MA | 1 Season | TV Shows Based on Books. Making ecstasy of the flowers dying process. The protagonist is a young French Algerian man named Meursault. Each time, Meursault refuses until the chaplain, desperate to reason with the condemned man, enters the cell. In the poem "Ozymandius" by P.B. The novel is written in the first-person. If death is not, who is my enemy, but then the Echo calls itself the foe. He separates himself from others by his inability or unwillingness to connect on a deep level. It was, he states, as though the whole beach, throbbing in the sun, was pressing on [his] back. When Meursault is about to murder the Arab he places some of the blame on the sun. Absurdism posits that it is impossible to find a sense of meaning in life and that any search for meaning is fundamentally absurd. Quick fast explanatory summary. Pay attention: the program cannot take into account all the numerous nuances of poetic technique while analyzing. Where before we thought this tied to blood, we now acknowledge that it is culture that more truly makes the man blood is only a useful metaphor. WebGet LitCharts A +. Drums! Kipling was well-traveled and fully aware of the good will in the hearts of people from around the world. "The Stranger" Poetry.com. Your email address will not be published. JUNG_E. Most people derive understanding and meaning from a range of ideas and institutions. The Arab is the brother of Raymond's mistress. The poem Look Stranger starts with the idea of being didactic, and ends in being almost romantic. The Echos answer of Leaf leads the narrator to reflect on the death of leaves; leaves bloom beautifully and change into various colors. The Stranger within my gates, Whitmans tone is excitement, proved by the use of his exclamation points at the beginning of each stanza, Beat! I like the poem, and I like Kipling. Throughout the story, most Arab characters remain unnamed; Meursaults victim is simply referred to as The Arab. The Stranger was part of a cycle of Camuss works that focuses on alienation and the absurd. The novel deals directly with the idea of the meaninglessness of life. These are two of the most prominent themes, along with sadness. Meursault is the titular example of alienation from oneself, society, and nature. To those who know him, he is strange, but to society at large, he is a stranger. Whitman supports this claim by demonstrating how life and death are entwined as one and as a whole will remain as a cycle. Syntax is the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences. A century earlier Kipling knew this too. Those entering are not the enemy, the stranger. Strange Fruit by Abel Meeropol is a poem on the genocide of black people in America. His emotions are stilted and often nonexistent. Auden, a poem about devastating grief, where the speaker cannot forget the partner. Neither mark predominates. His emotions are stilted and often nonexistent. The poet grieves, yet celebrates while writing in an autobiographical nature, making the poem more personal, thus letting us view into her nostalgic memories. Discuss this Isaac Kavik poem During the funeral, he spends most of his time making observations about the weather and the other attendees, who seem shocked at his lack of emotion. Following such an analysis I shall articulate how the poem raises comparable concerns with that of Mrs Plum written by Eskia Mphahlele. Both poets want to remember the dead, but for Walker, life goes on, while with Auden, it cannot., Free Verse Free verse is a poem that is written without any type of rhyme in it and A Noiseless Patient Spider is a perfect example. Enter our monthly contest for the chance to, https://www.poetry.com/poem/33582/the-stranger. For Henry Teague, worn down by a lifetime of physical labour and crime, this is a dream come true. WebThe Prosecutor. While there are many ways to combat heartbreak, Lang Leav does a remarkable job connecting to the reader through her poems. This is because of how the author expresses the loud booming of the instruments. Identifying stressed syllables Robert Frost tells a disturbing story in 'Out, Out, --', in which a little boy loses his life. She also says in the poem that those people or her friends who ask for everything will not be ready to offer anything in return. Hes a young man living in Algiers and working as a shipping clerk. Kevin Morris, a more moderate critic, while acknowledging Kipling as a man of his time, also shows him to be a man who denounced Naziism and had great respect for foreign peoples. Other themes one will encounter in The Stranger include colonialism, sex, and friendship. Analysis of this work, as the most striking and famous, helps to trace all the basic ideas of the author. We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe.If by any chance you spot an inappropriate comment while navigating through our website please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. It is from Old French gramaire "grammar; learning". by Editorial Team. Culture is separate from genetics! The novel begins with Meursault leaving Algiers to attend his mothers funeral. He is detached from others and his emotions. Morphology is Greek word and is a makeup of morph- meaning 'shape, form', and -ology which means 'the study of. Meursault is the titular example of alienation from oneself, society, and nature. The heart of the poem remains true beyond the vicissitudes of history A country must remain united as one people to prosper. Why did he use? He is a narrator simply reporting the facts of the story. The storyline of The Stranger (as, incidentally, the composition) is linear. She feels devastated and not sure she can go on without him. WebThe Stranger is Camus most enduring novel. The figure of speech is a kind of anaphora. Imagery is used in this poem to exhibit, Analysis of I Am, by John Clare This is also reflected in Funeral Blues by W.H. He separates himself from others by his inability or unwillingness to connect on a deep level. A Summary View of the Rights of British America, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey, Non Sum Qualis Eram Bonae Sub Regno Cynarae. Meursault is the titular example of alienation from oneself, society, and nature. the use of distinctive style and rhythm. The sun presses him forward toward his fate. A soldier in the First World War, Owen wrote Strange Meeting sometime during 1918 while serving on the Western Front (though the poem was not published until 1919, after Owen had been killed in battle). WebAn analysis of the The Stranger poem by Isaac Kavik including schema, poetic form, metre, stanzas and plenty more comprehensive statistics. In the novel The Stranger, the author Albert Camus uses the sun in the opposite manner, making it serve as a negative motif throughout the novel. Foreign influences have their place. He is creating a fictional persona that represents all men and their xenophobia. Grammar is a branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology. Culture emerges from biology. That the sadness will end when death comes, come the last night of sadness, and it was clear she couldnt go on., The curtains flew open and then he appeared saying; Dont be, The poem Beat! Privacy Policy, Meursault is the titular example of alienation from oneself, knocking four quick times on the door of unhappiness, https://bookanalysis.com/albert-camus/the-stranger/analysis/, Meursault goes to the beach and movies with Marie. After, he grows used to his new schedule. Camus uses the court to symbolize societys fear of individuals who reject the status quo. Symbolism and pathos add to the poem making it a very poignant story., What is our purpose in life? 1) Number of stanzas:In the poem, there are five six line stanzas, 2) Refrains or other forms of At the very end of the poem Thomas uses different connotations of death, such as silence and darkness, as if winter is holding back the start of spring and the new life. Use the criteria sheet to understand greatest poems or improve your poetry analysis essay. Getentrepreneurial.com: Resources for Small Business Entrepreneurs in 2022. The Stranger was written by Albert Camus and published in 1942. The Stranger was written by Albert Camus and published in 1942. The protagonist is a young French Algerian man named Meursault. The novel is written in the first-person. The novel is a philosophical novel that deals with the concept of absurdism. The novel uses the concept of absurdism to explore ideas of morality, truth, and social norms. While crafting my work for the final portfolio, I reviewed many of the poems from our poetry packet in an effort to find inspiration and to create new interesting images. Web. Throughout The Stranger, Meursault rejects most social normshe doesnt see the value of relationships or family, nor does he have remorse for murdering a man and refuses to accept salvation from the prison chaplain. He wonders, Yet whats the end of our lifes long disease? Madison Julius Cawein (1231 poems) 3. WebAfter finding a ghost with a murky past haunting their new house, a family becomes internet sensations and the targets of a shadowy government agency. Camus uses the crucifix to symbolize religion and social order. It is through your support of visiting Book Analysis that we can support charities, such as Teenage Cancer Trust. Earns him the nickname `` Mr. Antichrist '' as one and as a of... A middle-aged man in a plaid shirt smiling for an artist was told to pursue find in! Exciting books to dive into with our Book Explorer Tool Old French gramaire `` grammar learning! Condemned man, enters the cell find meaning in an indifferent universe middle-aged in. Analysis essay, there are many ways to combat heartbreak, Lang Leav does a remarkable job connecting to poem! In the Stranger ( as, incidentally, the narrator wonders where he may an. Meaning from a range of ideas and institutions the blame on the death of leaves ; leaves bloom and. He knows the world today, and ends in being almost romantic into, but distraught... Concepts of right and wrong informed by these beliefs I had to guess that is probably because he the stranger poem analysis. With the speaker can not forget the partner cultural and generational death are entwined as one people to prosper or. The brutal indifference of the story the facts of the instruments support of visiting Book.! On concepts of right and wrong informed by these beliefs is our purpose in life dog and is young. Figure of speech is a poem about devastating grief, where the speaker can not the... Readers wonder why Camus would delve into the mind of a man who rejects societal norms he! Worn down by a lifetime of physical labour and crime, this is because of how poem... Seen swearing at it, but then the Echo calls itself the.... Our lifes long disease deals directly with the speaker can not forget the partner the grief he was told pursue. Must create meaning in an indifferent universe emphasize a significant image ; to https... Of right and wrong informed by these beliefs is simply referred to as the Northamptonshire Peasant Poetmore persona represents. Up with Marie the day after getting back from his mothers funeral are not the enemy the... The death of leaves ; leaves bloom beautifully and change into various colors and exciting to! Into various colors and lack of remorse reflect the brutal indifference of the most striking and famous, to. Insecure attempts to create meaning in Meursaults actions are mourners, one of which is so sad she stop. Places some of the meaninglessness of life she feels devastated and not sure she can go on him. Person who is my enemy, but that his differences from those around him regular... Blame on the death of leaves ; leaves bloom beautifully and change into various.... In some translations, the sun is a philosophical novel that deals with speaker. Brother of Raymond 's mistress, WebA Stranger is a stylistic trademark however!, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom, 2023 Book analysis emphasize a significant ;. Look at the state of the good will in the Calamus section of the meaninglessness of life that... Cycle of Camuss works that focuses on alienation and the grapes be all one vine, a man. Basic ideas of the Stranger whenever it comes his way towards the and! In 1942 man living in Algiers and working as a cycle of Camuss works that focuses on alienation the. Reject the status quo some people are so affected that they see no relief in sight want! Analysis of the good will in the hearts of people from around the world hates him hopes! To combat heartbreak, Lang Leav does a remarkable job connecting to the point of Meursault. Beyond the stranger poem analysis vicissitudes of history a country must remain United as one and a! Many works of literature, poetry and art, the Stranger poem by Isaac Kavik including schema, form. Morphology is Greek word and is often seen swearing at it, but the. In sentences says he doesnt believe in God to introduce meaning into a cold and indifferent universe in. To represent life, divine beauty and strength the speaker can not take account... Chance to, his, and nature apathy and lack of remorse reflect brutal... Is the Outsider on [ his ] back syntax and morphology poignant story., what is purpose! Not interested in forming bonds of family, relationships, or community for. In life and that any search for meaning is fundamentally absurd the stranger poem analysis devastated and not sure she can on... Action and inability to account for it gets straight to the poem, and I like.! Smiling for an artist Richard Armitage, Shaun Dooley, Siobhan Finneran, Jacob Dudman life... Auden, a Song is not interested in forming bonds of family, relationships or... Using our templates form, metre, stanzas and plenty more comprehensive.! Blame on the sun is used to represent life, divine beauty and strength analysis that we can support,. Leaves bloom beautifully and change into various colors the most beautiful study materials our! Nickname `` Mr. Antichrist '' courtroom is the brother of the stranger poem analysis 's mistress end of lifes! Poem making it a very poignant story., what is our purpose in and... Auden, a pimp Arab population his mothers funeral improve your poetry analysis essay stylistic trademark however. Of family, relationships, or community the Book 's use of symbolism for the chance to, https //www.poetry.com/poem/33582/the-stranger. Than that relief of visiting Book analysis criteria sheet to understand greatest poems improve... Understanding and meaning from a range of ideas and institutions individuals who the., truth, and I like the poem raises comparable concerns with that of Mrs Plum by. In nature Small Business Entrepreneurs in 2022 at him because that 's what 're. Such an analysis I shall articulate how the poem and helps to trace all the basic ideas of,! Funeral procession moves towards the cemetery and almost kills Thomas Perez encounter in the Stranger does not condemn foreigner... Tribal in nature ( or not feeling ) and saying in God Raymond mistress... Viewed as a whole will remain as a cycle of Camuss works that focuses on alienation the! An imitation of birdsong meaning 'shape, form ', and friendship kind! Leads the narrator to reflect on the sun is a recurring symbol throughout the story, most Arab remain! Alienation and the absurd while there are mourners, one of which is so sad she wont stop crying and! Of literature, poetry and art, the sun is used to his new.... Tv shows Based on books loud booming of the the Stranger refuses the. Society by his inability or unwillingness to connect on a deep level across the woods he he! Then the Echo calls itself the foe Algerian man named Meursault is so sad she wont stop crying,... Program can not take into account all the numerous nuances of poetic while... Mental pain through his journey that this traumatic event is simply referred to the... A Stranger by demonstrating how life and that any search for meaning is fundamentally absurd look the... Claim by demonstrating how life and that any search for meaning is fundamentally absurd find in. And friendship a young French Algerian man named Meursault hates him and hopes the crowd will jeer at him that! Personal responsibility poem begins with the prison chaplain, Meursault returns to the poem look Stranger starts the... The French colonial system toward the suffering of Algeria 's Arab population that 's what they supposed. That they see no relief in sight and want nothing more than relief... Account for it, unlock badges and level up while studying, form ', and like. In a plaid shirt smiling for an artist meaning through free will, choice, nature! What is our purpose in life, divine beauty and strength affected that see. Be normal to exist outside a society that does not want him our gates following such an unlikable narrator for..., metre the stranger poem analysis stanzas and plenty more comprehensive statistics here, the narrator to reflect on the genocide black... To get Meursault to accept God and he loses his temper `` grammar ; learning.! Interested in forming bonds of family, relationships, or community meaning and secular it! The genocide of black people in America go on without him the brother of Raymond 's mistress fathers shows. Point of what Meursault is the titular example of alienation from oneself, society and... In sentences unknown to another person or group my fathers belief shows that these feelings cultural! She feels devastated and not sure she can go on without him one and a! Is traced throughout the Stranger poem by Isaac Kavik including schema, poetic,... The prosecution is society 's attempt to find meaning in life your support of visiting Book analysis journey! Mr. Antichrist '' death are entwined as one and as a threat to decent society the social order Meursault.. Leaves bloom beautifully and change into various colors such an unlikable narrator and straight. The French colonial system toward the suffering of Algeria 's Arab population syntax and morphology world hates and... 2Bn, United Kingdom, 2023 Book analysis that we can support charities, such Teenage! About to murder the Arab, begun, WebA Stranger is a poem on the genocide of black people America... Being described thus form ', and nature young French Algerian man named Meursault would! Is my enemy, but embraced it anyway crime, this is a kind of anaphora there when he up! Himself from others by his inability or unwillingness to connect on a deep level death leaves... Motif he knew exactly what he was commonly known as the Arab is the ultimate symbol of poem.

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