declassified cia projects

The objective was to house medium-range missiles close enough to strike targets within the Soviet Union. One document outlines the chemicals and techniques necessary for developing certain types of secret writing ink and a method for opening sealed letters without detection. In one case, seven volunteers in Kentucky were given LSD for seventy-seven consecutive days. CORONA was created by a small group of CIA, Air Force and private industry experts who were tasked with finding a way to provide broad imagery coverage of the USSR to identify missile launch sites and production facilities. Stanislaw Stankiewicz was a member of the ABN Central Committee. The Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA by Tim Weiner accuses the CIA of covert actions and human rights abuses. This revelation largely derailed efforts by the victims to sue the CIA as their U.S. counterparts had, and the Canadian government eventually settled out of court for $100,000 to each of the 127 victims. [67]:140150 His treatments resulted in victims' urinary incontinence, amnesia, forgetting how to talk, forgetting their parents and thinking their interrogators were their parents. ". The damage incurred on these survivors was so severe that mind control was thought to be the culprit. [3] When the cluster bombs reached 2,000 or 1,000 feet (600 or 300 m) the bomblets would drop via parachute, disseminating their vector. DCIs Address to CSI CORONA Symposium Today, the crushed remains of Project Iceworm are buried beneath Arctic snow. Fidel Castro arrives MATS Terminal, Washington, D.C. (Image credit: Warren K. Leffler, Library of Congress), The only color photograph available for the Trinity blast, taken by Los Alamos scientist and amateur photographer Jack Aeby from near Base Camp. Declassified documents related to NATO's stay-behind armies are accessible via The Black Vault, a website that makes declassified documents available to the public. In 1953, Olson's death was described as a suicide that had occurred during a severe psychotic episode. During its operational life, CORONA collected over 800,000 images in response to the national security requirements of the time. "[5], Extraordinary rendition is the apprehension and extrajudicial transfer of a person from one country to another.[6]. MKUltra was first brought to public attention in 1975 by the Church Committee of the United States Congress and Gerald Ford's United States President's Commission on CIA activities within the United States (also known as the Rockefeller Commission). From a secret U.S. Air Force project to build a supersonic flying saucer to a now-famous World War II-era research program that produced the first atomic bombs to a plan to train domesticated cats to spy on the Soviet Union, here are 22 declassified military and CIA secrets. The children were required to undergo frequent and harsh mental health assessments for which there was no informed consent. Later admitting to the wiretapping, the CIA said 40,000 hours of telephone conversations were recorded. While Area 51 was not a top-secret base designed to study extraterrestrials, the U.S. Air Force did study the existence of UFOs. Everything was being evaluated on the premise that UFOs couldn't exist. [98] The majority argued that "a test for liability that depends on the extent to which particular suits would call into question military discipline and decision making would itself require judicial inquiry into, and hence intrusion upon, military matters." Credit: National Archives Project 1794 Near the end of 2012, the US Air Force declassified a build-up of documents which included secret plans to build an aircraft which can be likened to a flying-saucer . [59], The Wall Street Journal reported, citing former intelligence officials familiar with the matter, that the program was an attempt to carry out a 2001 presidential authorization to capture or kill al-Qaeda operatives.[60]. Subproject 54 was the Navy's top-secret "Perfect Concussion" program, which was supposed to use sub-aural frequency blasts to erase memory; the program was never carried out. [50] Heroin addicts were bribed into taking LSD with offers of more heroin. This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total. These and other declassified documents regarding Vietnam War crimes can be accessed through the National Archives. and other United States agencies employed at least a thousand Nazis as Cold War spies and informants and, as recently as the 1990s, concealed the governments ties to some still living in America, newly disclosed records and interviews show. A month after the Trinity test, two atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan in the waning stages of World War II. A June 2006 report from the Council of Europe estimated 100 people had been kidnapped by the CIA on EU territory (with the cooperation of Council of Europe members), and rendered to other countries, often after having transited through secret detention centres ("black sites") used by the CIA, some located in Europe. Later admitting to the wiretapping, the CIA said 40,000 hours of telephone conversations were recorded. Cher Ami, a black checker pigeon, earned his fame carrying messages for the American military during World War I. [91] In the decision dismissing the suit, U.S. District Judge James Boasberg wrote, "While the court must limit its analysis to the four corners of the complaint, the skeptical reader may wish to know that the public record supports many of the allegations [in the family's suit], farfetched as they may sound. [62], MKUltra's researchers later dismissed LSD as too unpredictable in its results. [31], Most MKUltra records were destroyed in 1973 by order of CIA director Richard Helms, so it has been difficult for investigators to gain a complete understanding of the more than 150 funded research subprojects sponsored by MKUltra and related CIA programs. CORONA and the Intelligence Community Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). These tests showed that mosquitoes could be spread by means of various devices. (1995). "[27][28] The reports found that health professionals "Aided cruel and degrading interrogations; Helped devise and implement practices designed to maximize disorientation and anxiety so as to make detainees more malleable for interrogation; and Participated in the application of excruciatingly painful methods of force-feeding of mentally competent detainees carrying out hunger strikes" are not all that surprising. Now declassified, CIA documents on the project reveal the incredible scope and challenges of the U-2's development that were carried out in secrecy. The operation was a field test designed to determine the feasibility of producing, storing, loading into munitions, and dispersing from aircraft the yellow fever mosquito (though these were not infected for the test) (Aedes aegypti). Physical methods of producing shock and confusion over extended periods of time and capable of surreptitious use. The government argued that Stanley was barred from suing under the Feres doctrine. [41], CIA documents suggest that they investigated "chemical, biological, and radiological" methods of mind control as part of MKUltra. It is unknown whether any useful DNA was acquired from the program, but it was deemed not successful. [87] A few days before his death, Frank Olson quit his position as acting chief of the Special Operations Division at Detrick, Maryland (later Fort Detrick) because of a severe moral crisis concerning the nature of his biological weapons research. In addition to LSD, the Army also tested quinuclidinyl benzilate, a hallucinogen code-named BZ. Project AERODYNAMIC (formerly CARTEL, ANDROGEN, AECARTHAGE), which operated 1949-1970 before being reclassified under Project named QRDYNAMIC in 1970 and finally QRDYNAMIC/QRPLUMB until 1991. "[38][39][40], In 1964, MKSEARCH was the name given to the continuation of the MKULTRA program. Materials which will promote the intoxicating effect of alcohol. ], In areas under American control in the early 1950s in Europe and East Asia, mostly Japan, Germany and the Philippines, the CIA created secret detention centers so that the U.S. could avoid criminal prosecution. In addition, the inquiry is likely to look at the Bush administration's program of eavesdropping without warrants and its detention and interrogation program. In the summer of 1975, congressional Church Committee reports and the presidential Rockefeller Commission report revealed to the public for the first time that the CIA and the Department of Defense had conducted experiments on both unwitting and cognizant human subjects as part of an extensive program to find out how to influence and control human behavior through the use of psychoactive drugs such as LSD and mescaline and other chemical, biological, and psychological means. ", "WikiLeaks Releases Trove of Alleged C.I.A. . [34][35] Some historians assert that one goal of MKUltra and related CIA projects was to create a Manchurian Candidate-style subject. Brennan ordered the creation of an internal personnel board, led by former senator Evan Bayh, to review the agency employees' conduct and determine "potential disciplinary measures. Reilly, Edward C. "Ken Kesey." National Public Radio (NPR), 9 Sept. 2019. At the announcement, Gore stated, Satellite coverage gave us the confidence to pursue arms control agreementsagreements that eventually led to dramatic decreases in the number of nuclear weapons and their delivery systems., Gore also noted that satellites, Recorded much more than the landscape of the Cold War. [1] Around 330,000 uninfected mosquitoes were dropped from aircraft in E14 bombs and dispersed from the ground. In July 2013, declassified documents from the CIA acknowledged the existence of Area 51 for the first time, and confirmed that the top-secret site was used to test a variety of spy planes, including the well-known U-2 reconnaissance aircraft. The brakes were put on the project in 1961. The CIA exported experiments to Canada when they recruited British psychiatrist Donald Ewen Cameron, creator of the "psychic driving" concept, which the CIA found interesting. These documents were fully investigated during the Senate Hearings of 1977.[13]. "[51], On July 10, 2009, House Intelligence subcommittee Chairwoman Representative Jan Schakowsky (D, IL) announced the termination of an unnamed CIA covert program described as "very serious" in nature which had been kept secret from Congress for eight years.[52]. These acts, which included faked terrorist attacks in U.S. cities, the hijacking of planes and the sinking of boats full of Cuban migrs en route to the U.S., would then be used to justify a war with Cuba, according to the documents. Several other proposals were included within Operation Northwoods, including real or simulated actions against various U.S. military and civilian targets. The end of the Cold War also spurred interest in satellites and their possible use for environmental and other studies. [1] Jeffrey T. Richelson of the National Security Archive has been critical of its claims. News, advice and insights for the most interesting man in the room. [45][37], Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi has stated that the CIA repeatedly misled Congress since 2001 about waterboarding and other torture, though Pelosi admitted to being told about the programs. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally endorsed CORONA in February 1958. [2] The proposals were rejected by John F. Kennedy. Materials and physical methods which will produce amnesia for events preceding and during their use. The trove contains files covering a wide range of secrets, from the mundane to the mind-blowing and, yes, even UFOS. [64] The barbiturates were released into the person first, and as soon as the person began to fall asleep, the amphetamines were released. In total about one million female mosquitoes were bred for the testing;[2] remaining mosquitoes were used in munitions loading and storage tests. ", "Operation Mockingbird is an alleged large-scale program of the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that began in the early 1950s and attempted to manipulate news media for propaganda purposes. [2], Operation Top Hat was termed a "local field exercise" by the Army and took place from September 1519, 1953 at the Army Chemical School at Fort McClellan, Alabama. Its hard to imagine a world without Google maps or satellite imagery, but when CORONA was developed in the 1950s, satellite photo-reconnaissance didnt exist. Sidney Gottlieb, who had retired from the CIA two years previously and had headed MKUltra, was interviewed by the committee but claimed to have very little recollection of the activities of MKUltra. Browse the Collections | Advanced Search | Search Help. "80 Institutions Used in CIA Mind Studies: Admiral Turner Tells Senators of Behavior Control Research Bars Drug Testing Now". The mosquitoes were released from ground level in Savannah, Georgia and then recovered using traps baited with dry ice. Subcategories This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. The committee noted that the "experiments sponsored by these researchers call into question the decision by the agencies not to fix guidelines for experiments.". Operation Reported in U.s. Against Antiwar Forces, Other Dissidents in Nixon Years", Prepared Statement of Admiral Stansfield Turner, Director of Central Intelligence, "CIA Director Admits Documents on Secret Drug Experiments Destroyed", PROJECT MKULTRA, THE CIA's PROGRAM OF RESEARCH IN BEHAVIORAL MODIFICATION, "What did the C.I.A. The Institute on Medicine as a Profession and the non-profit organization Open Society Foundations reviewed public records into the medical professions alleging complicity in the abuse of prisoners suspected of terrorism who were held in U.S. custody during the years after 9/11. (Of course, they didnt release the reason why they needed one, but well leave that up to your imagination.) [73], Unlike the US and Canada, Denmark had a centralized population register, allowing participants to be tracked over the course of several years. Where appropriate, the United States seeks assurances that transferred persons will not be tortured. [24][25] According to John Dinges, author of The Condor Years (The New Press 2003), documents released in 2015 revealed a CIA report dated April 28, 1978 that showed the agency by then had knowledge that U.S.-backed Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet ordered the assassination of Orlando Letelier, a leading political opponent living in exile in the United States.[26]. Research by Dr. Alfred W. McCoy, Gary Webb, and others has pointed to CIA involvement in narcotics trafficking across the globe, although the CIA officially denies such allegations. Joint Hearing before the Select Committee on Intelligence and the Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research of the Committee on Human Resources, United States Senate, Ninety-Fifth Congress, First Session", "Chapter 3: Supreme Court Dissents Invoke the Nuremberg Code: CIA and DOD Human Subjects Research Scandals", "U.S. Senate Report on CIA MKULTRA Behavioral Modification Program 1977", "Science, Technology and the CIA: A National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book", "Chapter 3, part 4: Supreme Court Dissents Invoke the Nuremberg Code: CIA and DOD Human Subjects Research Scandals", "The Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, Foreign and Military Intelligence", "U.S. vets say there were human guinea pigs | ABC7 San Francisco | abc7news.com", "80 Institutions Used in CIA Mind Studies: Admiral Turner Tells Senators of Behavior Control Research Bars Drug Testing Now", "Private Institutions Used In C.I.A Effort To Control Behavior. 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